( David Henry Thoreau)
India's freedom struggle by the method of Satyagraha
( non-violent and non-cooperation ) without blood shed . according to Gandhi had never any fair trial in India. He placed the cult of non-violence above everything else - even above the Independence of India to Gandhi not only the Independence of India a minor thing as compared with the principle of Non-Violence . Gandhi's concept of nationalism was also very peculiar, he placed religion (Hindu or Muslim) of one first and then Nationalism. But in practice he was not democratic in his performance. He always excluded persons from the Working Committee who differed his opinion without any exception.
Originally, Gandhi described his movement in South Africa as "Passive resistance", He then used the term Satyagraha deliberately to distinguish it from passive resistance.
In practice Gandhi tried to apply Satyagraha in several times but withdrew on the plea that non-violence was violated.
He returned to India from South Africa for good in January 1915. Gandhi owed his ideology fro 1. david henry thoreau, 2. Tolstoy, and 3. martin Luthar king.
( Tolstoy)
On March 10, 1920, Gandhi issued a manifesto suggesting Non-Violent and Non-Cooperation ( NCO) to the Khilafatists.
Khilafat Conference at Madras held on 17 April 1920, approved Gandhi's idea of NCO.
On May 30, 1920, All India Congress Committee (AICC) meeting at Banaras on 30 May 1920, decided to hold a special session of the Congress in Calcutta to Consider the adoption of NCO.
He tried 4 times ( 1921, 1930, 1932 and 1942) but withdrawn in first three cases and failed in the last one.
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